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New varieties added to the catalog

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We just aded 3 new plants to the catalog!  These were going to be 2013 additions, but are ready a bit earlier.


 Still working on a few others for 2013...  Hosta 'Marilyn Monroe', Carex siderosticha 'Silver Streams', Carex flacca 'Blue Zinger', Schisandra chinensis just to name a few.  What neat plants would you like us to offer in the future?



A visit to the Green Bay Botanic Garden - Pt 1 The Views

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With a little time off, Diane & I decided to take a trip to the Green Bay Botanic Garden, seeing as neither of us had ever been there.  It's a really nice garden; the layout is well done, they have lots of neat plants, and everything is pretty well labeled and maintained.  Part 1 is a pictorial journey through some views and features.  Part 2 will be some of the plants.  Onward!



We found a nice collection of conifers near the entrance.  I didn't take pictures of specific varieties, but there was a nice selection of dwarf and smaller varieties.


 They had a nice area with edible and medicinal plants with a knot garden in the center.  I didn't take a pic of the knots, as they look quite young and unimpressive at the moment.  Once they mature they will look great though!  Also in this area was a small fairy garden.  Not a trend I'm going to delve into myself, but it was cool to see.  And if it gets kids interested in gardening, all the better! 


Next up... random views from our walk around the garden...


I'm not sure how I feel about the small smoke-bush here... I think it needs to be edited out.  Then again, it might be cool later in life.  


   
A very cool gazebo.  One of the great things about GBBG is the number and quality of garden structures and buildings.  



I'm also a fish geek and they have a great pond with some awesome koi!





They have a fairly good sized children's garden.  Lots of cool sculptures, painted twigs, and educational fun for the kids.  And being that I'm a huge fan of Lord of the Rings, one of my favorite features of the garden:  The hobbit hole inspired restroom!



 

The Shade garden was very nice, a great collection of hostas and unusual plants. 




I loved this Polygonum sp. they had in a few places.  I didn't see a tag on any of them, but I didn't look very hard either.  Lots of great grasses around too, including 2 of my favorites from the trip: Miscanthus sinensis 'Huron Sunrise' and Pennisetum macrourum 'White Lancer'.  


One of the last shots I took for the day.  This garden is truly worth a visit, keep in mind it's still a fairly young garden!  

A visit to the Green Bay Botanic Garden - Pt 2 The Plants

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GBBG has no shortage of cool plants.  There were far too many for me to talk about, so here are some of my favorites that I haven't seen before or are just not real common.


First up was a pair of Pinus sylvestris 'Mitch's Weeping' flanking the path just outside of the visitor's center.  Despite their susceptibility to pine needle scale and European pine sawfly, I like scotch pine quite a bit.  It has beautiful orange flaky bark and great needle color, and this weeping variety shows off both to great effect!  I can't wait to see them get bigger!

Next up Calycanthus 'Hartlage Wine', a wonderful hybrid between C. floridus and C. chinensis, was still in bloom with huge rosy colored flowers.  Some references state a mild fragrance, but detected none at all.  The flowers are much larger than C. floridus and lighter colored, foliage is similar to both parents. The plant at GBBG seems to be performing quite well, and was nearly 8' tall x 6' wide.  After finally seeing one, this is definitely a future addition to the catalog!

 In the orchard remnant I came across one of my favorite under-used shrubs.  Variegated Five-Leaf Aralia, Eleuthrococcus sieboldianus 'Variegatus', is a wonderful addition to any shade or partial shade garden.  The variegated foliage helps brighten up dark corners.  It can grow to be about 6-8 tall x 6' wide and has a somewhat arching habit.  Some selective pruning when young will make it a bit more dense.  Greenish-white flowers appear in spring, but are not showy.  This is a very adaptable and easy-care shrub that deserves more use.  It will hopefully be added to the 2013 catalog.
Also in the orchard remnant Geranium yoshinoi 'Confetti' was happily taking up real estate as a seeding groundcover.  A very cute species with small pink flowers and subtly variegated foliage.  From the fact that it was pretty much everywhere in this section of the garden, it's apparent that this little cutie needs post-flowering birth control.  It could make a great ground-cover under larger shrubs or small trees.  It apparently comes true from seed, so it could be useful for breeding other variegated Geraniums as well.  Any interest in us adding this one?
 I loved this combination of Rhus typhina 'Tiger Eyes' and Agastache 'Bolero'.  'Tiger Eyes' will spread and take up lots of room eventually, but the color and texture of it is amazing.  'Bolero' makes a great filler plant since its a very airy variety and doesn't take up a lot of real estate.  It looks to be doing quite well in Green Bay, definitely a zone 5 hardy variety.  As with all Agastache, good drainage is a must.

Thriving in the orchard was Chinese wild ginger Asarum splendens, a plant that is often listed as zone 6.  With rich, well-drained soil it makes it through our zone 5 winters just fine.  Winter mulch may be helpful as the foliage is semi-evergreen.  Clean up the bad foliage in spring to make room for new growth.  I found this species to be somewhat slow for me, but others report it being vigorous.  I think our winters probably slow it down a bit, but it still makes a great groundcover for the shade.

 Sambucus 'Black Lace' was looking great.  Another great shrub from Proven Winners.  This one can be a fast-growing beast- plant it carefully- it will reach 10-12' tall and wide quickly!  Plant it in partial shade for best color.  It might get some die-back in the winter, just prune it off to new growth in spring and it will quickly recover.
 Athyrium 'Ghost' is a fantastic hybrid between Japanese painted fern A. nipponicum pictum and lady fern A. felix-femina.  It has a great upright habit and frosty green fronds.  Give it rich soil with consistent (not wet!) moisture and it will perform amazingly.
One of my favorite grasses is Korean feather reed grass, Calamagrostis brachytricha.  Great upright fluffy seed heads top slightly arching foliage.  It prefers full sun to partial shade and looks great with other grasses, coneflowers, black-eyed susans, and large hostas.  For me they usually hit 3-4' tall x 3' wide. 
 Hanging out across the way was Calamagrostis acutiflora 'Karl Foerster' and Chelone lyonii 'Hot Lips'.  The turtle-head looks like it had been pinched as it was under 3' tall.  Usually 'Hot Lips' reaches nearly 4' tall x 5' wide for me.  It's a great late-blooming flower for partial shade, starting to show color in early August and continuing into September.  Probably the best Chelone for garden use, we still have a number of them available!
 We came across this nice mass planting of green coneflower, Echinacea 'Green Jewell'.  They look great as stand-alone plants in the garden, but backed by dark foliage the green flowers can really pop!  It was nice to see this performing well and at a good mature size of 3' tall.
 Yellow wax bells, Kirengeshoma palmata, is a wonderful fall-blooming shade plant.  These are obviously young, as my 10 year old clump reaches about 4' tall and is 4' wide.  It makes a great backdrop for hostas and ferns.  The yellow pendulous flowers really liven up the shade garden in fall when there isn't much going on flower-wise.  We should have this for sale next year.
 We saw a number of different Lobelia cultivars.  This one is 'Fan Burgundy' and looked great near the pond.  We also saw 'Ruby Slippers' which at 4' was the tallest variety I've seen.  There was also one that looked to be 'Monet Moment' which is a wonderful pink variety.  All Lobelia prefer rich soil with                                                                                consistent moisture to perform well.
I was excited to spot this nice patch of Oenothera fremontii 'Shimmer' since I picked up this variety this year.  The fine textured foliage looks great with broader leaved plants and the large yellow flowers are beautiful.  'Shimmer' will spread out from a central crown to about 24" wide and should start blooming in June.  Flowers are produced sporadically all season and are fragrant in the evening.  (Hence the common name of evening primrose).
Throughout the garden were amazing large clumps of Cassia didymobotrya, popcorn cassia.  This is an awesome tropical senna that smells amazingly like buttered popcorn when brushed up against!  Full sun and well drained soil are best.  This thing is an awesome addition to combo pots or as accents in the garden where you can smell it and be hungry!
 Another annual that was everywhere was the native Impatiens capensis, spotted touch-me-not.  Named because the seed pods pop with explosive force, shooting the seeds everywhere.  Many people are surprised to learn that we have Impatiens growing naturally in the state, this is one of 2 species found here.  It's a favorite of hummingbirds and is usually found growing in moist shady sites.
 GBBG has a fairly good sized specimen of one of my favorite trees, striped maple Acer pennsylvanicum.  Striped maple is a nice small tree to 30' tall x 25' wide and features beautiful green bark striped with white fissures.  The three-lobed leaves are large, up to 8" long and wide and turn a beautiful yellow in the fall.  It prefers partial shade and well-drained soils.

They had a number of fantastic roses in the garden as well.  Most weren't looking great anymore due to being late in the season, but this 'Eyeconic Lemonade' was showing off for us.  This is a neat new class of shrub roses hitting the market now.  I didn't see much blackspot or mildew on them, but it is reportedly susceptible.  They also had quite a collection of Easy Elegance roses, but I didn't take any pictures.

That's it for this trip, if you're in the area take time to make it to the gardens!  You won't be disappointed.

T-Shirts!

Spring Bulbs

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The weather is certainly getting cooler, but there are still some nice days to get out into the garden and now is the time to plant spring bulbs!
Here are some general guidelines for planting bulbs.
  • Bulbs don’t typically like heavy soil. If you are dealing with clay, definitely amend with compost or peat to loosen the soil and improve the drainage.
  • Bulbs should be planted at a depth of 2-3 times their height. For example, from base to top Crocus corms are about 1″ tall and should be planted 3″ deep. Daffodils are 2-3″ tall and should be planted about 6″ deep.
  • Bulb-tone is a great fertilizer that has all of the nutrients that bulbs need to look amazing. Apply at planting time according to label directions.
  • Bulbs should be watered in after planting to settle the soil, don’t compact the soil using your hands, feet, shovel etc! Bulbs like a loose soil and compacted soil can impede their growth in spring.
  • In general bulbs are frost tolerant when they emerge in spring, you shouldn’t need to protect them unless we are going to have a hard freeze.
  • After blooming, leave the foliage to grow until it turns yellow and the bulbs start to go dormant. The bulbs need energy for the next season, and the foliage produces important nutrients and carbohydrates that the bulb stores until the next year.

There are a number of handy tools for planting bulbs that can make your job a whole lot easier as well. My favorite is the Protech 24″ bulb planter drill bit. It’s a 2 3/4″ auger bit that works on corded or cordless drills that is great for planting large single bulbs or 2-3 smaller bulbs very quickly. 



An indispensable tool is a Hori Hori.  This is a Japanese garden knife and it's an indispensable tool that no gardener should be without!  It is great for digging, dividing, weeding, root-pruning and a huge list of other chores- including bulb planting.



I also like this great trowel/transplanter made by Green Thumb. It has a narrow blade with inch and centimeter markings and is serrated on one side. It works great for planting bulbs and perennials. It’s sturdy cast aluminum with a rubberized handle and has a 5 year warranty.
 


And what about the bulbs themselves? What should you plant? Besides the myriad of Tulips, Daffodils, Hyacinths, & Crocuses in a wide range of colors there is a huge number of lesser known bulbs.

One of my favorite bulbs is Surprise Lilyor Resurrection Lily, Lycoris squamigera.I've posted about them before.

I'm also a big fan of pretty much all of the Fritillaria species.  The one most people are familiar with is F. imperialis, which is the large flowered yellow, orange, or red species.  2 others that I grow are F. persica with 24" tall spikes of clustered black flowers (or the very rare ivory flowered variety) and F. asyriaca which features nodding black bells with a golden-yellow rim on 12" stems.

There are a number of great ornamental onion plants (or Allium), many are familiar with the giant globe onions like ‘Globemaster’ or ‘Gladiator’, but there are some great small varieties as well.  Most of the ornamental onions start to bloom in late May to early June.

Blue onion, Allium azureum, is a great azure blue flowered species that reaches about 22″ tall. This is one of the most striking onions due to its flower color. It is however a notorious self-seeder, but it pulls easily. It is also great for naturalizing in a wildflower garden.

Allium moly is a unique small yellow-flowered onion that grows up to 15" tall.  This one can also be a little bit of a self-seeder so deadhead, pull unwanted seedlings, or let it naturalize.

Allium siculum is a neat onion that reaches 24-34" in height and features pendulous, creamy blooms with a reddish center. 

Snowdrops, Galanthus nivalis, are one of the first bulbs to bloom. They have small, white, nodding flowers that often emerge in March and April when there is still snow on the ground.

Camassia quamash 'Blue Melody' is a late spring to early summer flowering bulb that tolerates moist soil and clay. Beautiful variegated grass-like foliage is followed by starry blue flowers. ‘Blue Melody’ is a fairly good grower that offsets freely, but takes some time to start blooming well.

Nearly everybody is familiar with tulips, but there are some smaller tulips that look little like the flower you’ve seen in gardens. Tulip ‘Lilac Wonder’ is a great species tulip that makes a great addition to rock gardens and the front of flower borders. Mine usually top out at 6-8″.

This is just a small sampling of the amazing diversity of spring bulbs.  I highly recommend seeking out some different bulbs this fall and giving them a try.

Amorphophallus konjac - Corpse Flower

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I have a confession to make.  Since my last post in fall, I've been feeling planted out.  I didn't want to think about plants, and that's no way for a plant geek to feel.  Hence, no posts.  I'm starting to feel back to normal now, which leads to a 2nd confession.  I've been thinking about plant sex a lot lately.  (And apparently so has Joseph at Arrowhead Alpines)  Most recently about Heuchera breeding (more on that in the future), but it started thanks to a recent event:  My Amorphophallus konjac are sending up flower stalks! 

Amorphophallus konjac is the hardiest in this aroid genus.  I bought my first one in 2004 from Plant Delights Nursery, and since then they have grown and multiplied quite readily enough that we sell them and it doesn't look like we're in any danger of ever running out of them.  It's a prolific species when it comes to offsetting.  But they've never flowered, despite the description of "3-4 years from flowering size."  It's taken 9 years for that first one, and only 6 years for the first offset I got from it.  Apparently I didn't treat the first one well enough in the first couple years of life, which slowed it down. 

In any case, A. konjac is really easy to grow and the best candidate if you're new to growing Amorphophallus or aroids in general.  Despite being zone 5 hardy, I do grow mine as potted plants.  I pot them up every year in May or June depending on how our crazy spring is going.  They like it warm, and generally don't emerge until late June.  I've learned to use a bigger pot than necessary, as I've had the growing corms break plastic pots.  I use a well drained soil-less mix and a slow release fertilizer like Osmocote and plant them about 2-3" deep.  I keep them slightly moist, making sure I don't let them dry out completely. 

I keep them in the sun for warmth until they sprout, at which point I move them to partial shade.  Keeping them in morning sun or late evening sun is fine, just avoid sun during the hottest part of the day.  Once they sprout and are actively growing, I will also use a water soluble fertilizer like Miracle-Gro Pro once every 2 weeks.  This regimen has lead to fast growth and significant annual increase of the corm size. 

Once the plants go dormant in fall I first remove the foliage.  Then I remove the corm from the pot and clean off all of the soil, watching for offsets.  They're usually pea sized or a little bigger.  Of all of the plants I store in winter, these are the easiest.  Just set the bare corm on a shelf somewhere cool.  Usually I put mine in the basement, just don't forget about them in spring!  You can use the same method if you plant them in the garden and dig them up in fall.

If you want to try planting them in the garden, a couple things are important.  Well-drained soils are a must.  It isn't usually the cold in zone 5 that kills them, but the moisture.  If it's too wet in winter/spring, they will rot.  As Amorphophallus konjac grows, a well forms around the shoot on the corm.  To prevent this from collecting water in the garden, plant the corm on its side.  The shoot will find its way to the surface without a problem.  Also, plant them fairly deep.  Corms can get very large, mine are bigger than a softball right now and they can get bigger than a basketball!  I will be planting out some offsets this year, and will be placing them 6-8" deep.  Also, winter mulch once the soil is frozen will keep the soil from thawing and re-freezing too quickly once spring arrives. 

If you've never encountered Amorphophallus konjac, they're a really cool aroid.  They're related to Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema sp.)and Peace Lily.  The corm sends up a single palmate leaf on a mottled stalk.  Flowering is an event I've looked forward to with excitement and dread. They typically bloom in spring, then the flower fades and the plant rests until late June when it sends up a leaf.  Even in storage in the cool temps of my basement (55-60 degrees), mine have sent up their flower stalks.  I was hoping they'd wait until the outdoor temps (it's 21 degrees today... kind of warm) were a little more moderate and I could keep them in the garage or the screen porch.  They get their common name from the aroma of the flowers.  They're pollinated by flies.  The best way to attract flies?  Smell like a rotting corpse.  The same thing happened with my Sauromatum venosum -check it out here.  I'll update this with pictures once they actually open.

You've got mail!

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So I finally mosied out to the mail-box today, I was pretty lazy about it since Thursday is junk mail day.  However I got this big white plastic mailer bag. 
 
 
In case you can't read it well... it's from Spring Meadow Nursery.  The Proven Winner Colorchoice Shrub peeps. 
 
 
Nifty... what could it be???

 
Cool a Tshirt... I can always use more of those!  But wait... there's more to it...  the front says Plant Geek!  I think they were thinking of me when they made this shirt. 

 
And a Plant Geek pin!  Best mail I've gotten in a month!
 
 
Thanks to Stacey Hirvela, admin for the Proven Winners ColorChoice Facebook page for sending me this cool loot!

Aster Evaluation

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Symphiotrichum oblongifolium 'October Skies'

I just got done reading the latest plant evealuation notes from Chicago Botanic Garden.  This issue: Asters.  With 116 taxa, this was the largest comparitive evaluation trial they've done to date.  The trial list uses the current nomenclature, which I'm still adapting to.

 I wasn't too terribly surprised by any of the results, except S. lateriflorum 'Lady in Black' getting 5 stars.  This variety had always been short lived for me (2 years or less), in more than one garden situation.  I will apparently have to give it another try.



Symphiotrichum oblongifolium 'October Skies'
Not surprising, and I'm happy to see, five different S. oblongifolium were trialed and all five got four stars or better.  They recommend using these instead of the common S. nova-belgii or S. nova-angliae.  'Raydon's Favorite' got five stars, I'll have to give this one a try.  Not trialed was 'Dream of Beauty', which is a very soft pink variety.  Mine is still fairly new, so no comparison to my 'October Skies' yet, but so far it is very nice.  S. oblongifolium 'October Skies' is my favorite aster so far, despite being a little floppy and needing a grow-through support. 



Eurybia macrophylla 'Alba'



I'm also happy to see Eurybia divaricatus& E. divaricatus 'Eastern Star' getting five stars.  I love white wood aster, and it's highly under-rated.  I'm hoping to add 'Eastern Star' to the catalog in the near future.  The other wood aster to do well was S. drummondi, which received four stars.  We may add this one to the catalog as well in the future.  Another one we'll be adding is E. macrophylla 'Alba', which wasn't trialed.  The natural form of E. macrophylla received a respectable enough three stars.  This lower rating was due to poor rust resistance and all other qualities reported were excellent.  I haven't seen rust on 'Alba' in my garden; it may or may not be more resistant.  I'd love feedback if anyone has had rust problems on it.

There are three asters I haven't grown that I'll now be adding to the gardens.  A. tataricus 'Jindai' got five stars and I've read nothing but good things about it from a number of sources.  A. tongolensis 'Wartburg Star' got four stars and I've seen it a number of times but have never grown it.  S. ericoides 'Snow Flurry' got five stars.  I've seen heath aster in the wild on many occasions and have always liked it. 

Aster ageratoides 'Starshine'
There is one aster I've seen that wasn't trialed here and I've been waiting impatiently to get a hold of.  In July 2010 I toured the Ball Hort trial gardens and saw Aster ageratoides 'Starshine'.  Its habit and bud coverage impressed me immensely.  It's now coming on the market, and I'll be adding it to the garden when I can.





Hamamelis vernalis 'Blue Moon'

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Though it's still winter here in Wisconsin (and many places- when will it end!?) my Vernal Witchhazel is blooming away.  It got a bit of an early start in the storage house.  Of course, not wanting to miss anything I brought it home.  It was outside for about a week, but then the forecast was single digits for overnight lows and it came into the kitchen.  Now it goes back outside, hopefully it's just warm enough for some pollinators as I'd love to grow seedlings.

'Blue Moon' is reportedly a seedling of H. vernalis, but there is some possibility of it being a hybrid.  It's been a moderate grower in its container for me and it will finally find a spot in the landscape this year.  The flowers are a beautiful amethyst-purple and by everything I've read they should be strongly fragrant.  Mine however, is not.  At first I thought it was because of the cold/bronchitis/zombie plague that I'm getting over; but I've gotten at least SOME sense of smell back and there's no scent.  While I'm disappointed by this fact, the flowers are incredibly beautiful and this plant is worth growing just for the flower color!  Hopefully, this is a fluke of the crazy weather we're having and it will be fragrant in the future.  Foliage is a nice blue-green all summer and changes to a beautiful yellow for fall.

For whatever reason, it seems the general gardening community has ignored witch hazels.  Which is unfortunate.  They're often the first thing (or in the case of H. virginiana, the last thing)) to start blooming in my gardens.  They provide color and fragrance at a time when there is very little of both to experience in the landscape.  On top of that, they usually have fantastic fall color in shades of yellow, orange, red, and burgundy.  If you have room for a large shrub, pick one up.  You won't be disappointed!




Really Cool New Plants Added to the Catalog!

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We're really excited to be vending at two events this year, the Manitowoc Garden Fair and the American Hosta Society Convention.  Because we're excited, we want YOU to be excited too!  So we're buying some really awesome plants in to add to the catalog!  The first batch is here and potted up, the next batch will be coming next week or the week after, and the 3rd batch will be ordered next week.  Pictures will be added to plant descriptions in the catalog as soon as I have a chance to take photos.  

Calycanthus x raulstonii 'Hartlage Wine'
I won't tell you what's coming until it's here, because I don't want to have to say "sorry, that didn't show up." But the first round of plants is here, and features some very rare varieties:

Hydrangea anomala petiolaris 'Early LIght'

Snail & Slug Prevention AKA DIE SLUGS DIE!!!

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Snails and slugs are an annual problem for gardeners.  Your plants are looking great one day and the next they're full of holes and slime trails, and tender fruits like strawberries are devoured.  On the list of gardening things that anger me, these bastards are near the top.  (Rabbits are still worse, they start out all cute, fuzzy, and innocent until one day... BAM!  Just like that they become crazed mammalian plant destroying machines.  But that's a topic for another time.)

How to control them is the big question.  There are lots of answers.  Personally, I don't have time to mess with beer traps or night-time forays into the garden to hand pick them from plants.  Not that I mind night-time forays into the garden, but I'm not doing it to pick slugs.  I'd rather pick strawberries.

Being a Hosta guy with over 300 varieties, controlling these evil menaces to society is important to me.  I want people to come over and say, "hey, nice Hostas" rather than "oh, you have slugs eh?"  In the ornamental gardens, I use Sluggo Plus or Espoma Earth Tone Bug & Slug Control.  They are basically the same product, containing Iron Phostphate and Spinosad as active ingredients, I generally find the Sluggo brand to be cheaper.  Spinosad helps to get rid of other pests such as earwigs as well. 

This year spring is behind a bit, so I haven't done an application yet.  Generally I apply the granular baits as soon as the snow is completely thawed.  This is usually mid-late March here.  An early application like this will kill snails and slugs when they start to become active, before they have the chance to create more little hellions.  I do a 2nd application in early May, to kill any survivors of my initial onslaught.  Usually this will keep the population down through the summer, though new snails and slugs may migrate from the surrounding areas.  I also do a fall application in September to knock down the population of new snails and slugs that may decide my gardens make a great place to overwinter.  Welcome to the Bates Mollusk Motel.

Both of these products are OMRI listed organic and advertised as safe for kids and pets, but there is some debate to whether they are actually safe or not.  One of the unlisted inactive ingredients is EDTA.  EDTA is a chelating agent used widely in cosmetics, the medical field, and even in food items; by itself it has a fairly low acute toxicity and a low incidence of organic pollution.  Iron phosphate, one of the listed active ingredients, is even safer for use and is present in large amounts in the environment and generally considered non-toxic.  It's even non-toxic to snails and slugs.  So how does it work as the active ingredient?  By combining it with EDTA, the combination breaks down in the gut of the organism that ate it, releasing a lethal dose of iron in the form of FE3+.  There's a long and interesting article about it here.

The other active ingredient, Spinosad, is an insecticide that is derived from bacteria and has a unique mode of action.  I won't get into the boring details, but unique modes of action are generally a good thing in the pesticide world.  It tends to be difficult for insects to develop resistance to such insecticides.  Spinosad is highly toxic to bees when sprayed directly on them, but dried residue shows very low toxicity.  Spinosad has high efficacy, a broad insect pest spectrum, low mammalian toxicity, and a good environmental profile.  There has been one study that showed an increase in mutagenic tendencies in rats given a daily oral dose of 37.38 mg for 60 days.  It should be noted that this is far above the acceptable daily intake of .02 mg.  I'll still happily use spinosad for organic gardening after reading the above study.

So what about vegetable gardens?  Well, if you don't have kids or pets and you don't accidentally ingest these baits, you should be fine.  They will still break down to fairly harmless organic chemicals in the environment.  For our vegetable garden, we use Diatamaceous Earth.  DE is the fossilized remains of a specific group of algae.  These fossilized remains are very sharp and will slice into the soft bodies of snails and slugs, as well as deter harder bodied pests.  It's a very satisfying thought isn't it?  It's been fairly effective for us and it's affordable and easy to apply. 

So what's your favorite method of snail and slug eradication?

Dynamite Deutzias!

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Deutzia gracilis 'Nikko Dawn'
I've never completely understood why Deutzia don't get more attention.  Homeowners sprucing up their yards and Avid gardeners alike seem to ignore them.  Some can get somewhat large (6-8' tall and wide) and they require some annual pruning maintenance post-flowering to look their best; but so does Physocarpus, and all varieties of that fly off the shelves. 

Deutzia generally have multiple seasons of interest.  They are heavy bloomers, usually in late spring here, with white to pink flowers that last for weeks.  Foliage is attractive, generally pest and disease free, and dear resistant.  Fall color is often quite good, turning shades of burgundy or plum.  Many varieties are hardy to at least zone 5, though some twig dieback can occur.  After flowering it's beneficial to remove old ugly stems to keep plants looking best.  Deutzia is tolerant of many soil types including clay soils, as long as soils aren't too wet. 

So what Deutzias do I like?  Most of them!  A couple of years ago I picked up D. gracilis 'Nikko Dawn' when Asiatica was shutting its doors.  This is a wonderful and beautiful variegated selection of 'Nikko'.  It will stay compact just like 'Nikko', in the 2' tall x 3' wide range and seems like a pretty good grower.  I just stuck a bunch of cuttings, hopefully a good percentage root and we can offer them for sale next season.  Rare Find offers this as 'Nikko Variegated'.  They also obtained it from Asiatica, not sure why the difference in name.  Spring Meadow nursery has introduced a very similar variety to the Proven Winners line called Crème Fraiche™, it should start showing up at garden centers next year.

Deutzia gracilis Chardonnay Pearls™


Speaking of Proven Winners, a number of years ago they introduced a beautiful golden form of D. gracilis called Chardonnay Pearls™.  Bright gold foliage, white flowers, compact 2-3' tall and wide habit all in a plant for partial shade sounds like it should be an easy sell.  Gardeners don't seem very excited about it though and it seems to sit on the retail bench.  Mine have performed beautifully and are currently ready to explode into bloom.  Fall color is a beautiful burgundy.  I need to trim a little twig dieback off every spring, but they fill in nicely.  I have four of them, that alone should give you an idea of how I feel about this variety. 


Deutzia setchuenensis var. corymbiflora



My most recent purchase in this wonderful genus is Deutzia setchuenensis var. corymbiflora.  Despite being known in horticulture since 1895, this is not well known in gardens.  I first encountered it last year when we got some in from Monrovia.  They were so heavy with blooms, you could barely see any foliage.  They arrived again this year and I picked one up immediately.  This one is a little bigger, reaching 4-6' tall and wide.  Most of what I read says summer flowering; Missouri Botanic Garden however has a flower chart showing it to be in bloom in May and June.  Time will tell what the average bloom season is for Wisconsin.  I will try to root cuttings of this one as well.

Deutzias need more love!  If you're out plant shopping and spot one of these beautiful plants, pick one up and squeeze it in somewhere.  Trust me, your landscape doesn't need another spirea!
Deutzia gracilis Chardonnay Pearls™


Holy Hostas, Batman!

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Last weekend was the American Hosta Society convention in Brookfield, WI.  We were there as vendors and had a really great time meeting lots of new people and many people I've known for a few years from forums and facebook.  Because we were busy vending, we didn't register for the full convention and weren't able to go on tour gardens etc.  But I snapped a bunch of pics of vending and a few of the leaf show with my Ipod to share with all of you.

First of course is our little corner of the vending space.  We had a great assortment of plants for people, and sold out of some of our coolest plants.  We had a pretty successful weekend, I think.

Right next to us were some wonderful older ladies manning a booth of hosta-themed clothing, Designs by Audi.  All hand made and unique.
 Our other neighbor was Jack Barta from Jack's Plants.  He was convention co-chair, so was only in his booth half the time.  Along with the ladies from Windswept Creations, we helped him out selling plants his plants.

 In The Country Gardens & Gifts was across from us and had a huge selection of plants and garden art.  I almost picked up a Salix boydii as a stock plant, but someone nabbed it before my mind was made up.  I will have to get this plant, it was adorable!
Salix boydii



Hostas from In the Country

Succulents from In the Country

Garden Art from In the Country

Asst perennials from In the Country
Also near us, across from Jack's booth was Windswept Creations by Sandie Markland.  She had some really great sea glass jewelry and pumice stone carvings.  The stone spirits are really cool on her facebok page and website, but they are AMAZING in person.  

Sea glass Jewelry

Stone Spirits

Stone Spirit

 Naylor Creek Nursery had a great assortment of hostas, and this is where I bought 9 of the 10 new plants I picked up.  Gary was a great guy to chat with and really helpful.  As a testament to plant quality and selection, he only took 5 trays of plants home!



Made in the Shade also had a nice selection of plants, 'Proud Sentry' is now on my list of plants to buy after seeing it in this booth.   I took this pic near the end of vending day 2, you can see his sales were fairly good.


 I THOUGHT I snapped a booth shot of Green Hill, but apparently I only got his 2 planter bowls.  Bob was selling some really cool newer hostas as well.  He also had a large selection of minis.

 We helped Silvers-Elbert unload their huge selection of hostas.  They had the most of anyone and all the plants looked great.



 Rich's Foxwillow Pines had a wonderful selection of conifers and maples.  It was hard to resist buying something!  Rich and Susan are always great people to talk with, it's been too long since I've been to the nursery, I'll have to visit this season.

Acer palmatum 'Ojishi'

 I did not catch her name or the name of her business, but there was a Native American woman selling jewelry made from ornamental corn.  This was really cool stuff and reasonably priced and she was super interesting to talk with as well.
Corn Earrings 

Some varieties of indian corn, Oaxacan Green in the center.

Native American crafts

More cool Native American jewelry
 I also snapped a few pics of the leaf show, including some planted containers.  These were all amazing!





























My Summer Project: Part 1.

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Each year it seems I get busier and busier and have more and more projects.  Much of it is of course self-inflicted, but it leaves me with less time to do things like blogging.  Last year's big project was ripping out the gardens and working on the house to get it ready for sale.  For a few reasons we decided to pull the house off of the market, refinance, and stay put for the time being.

This led to a project for this year; putting gardens back in.  Since we're staying put and we both hate cutting grass, I've decided to minimize that chore and remove large sections of lawn.  Part 1 covers the biggest section I've removed so far, the east driveway garden.  Most of this was done over a period of 3 days.

I started out by spraying the area with roundup for a complete kill.  The next weekI brought in 10 cubic yards of compost and did a rough spreading to the areas I didn't want to remove any sod..  Since my lawn was higher than the sidewalk,  I also rented a sod cutter to remove sod from the edge along the driveway and sidewalk and then finished spreading the compost.

Once the area was graded how I wanted it, I started placing plants.  I also had to go dig up some plants from their temporary location that had been in the old garden.  Once everything was in place I started to plant, and got poured on.  Twice.  So I had to finish the next day.  I also did an application of preen to prevent weed seeds from germinating.  I do have some weeding to do along the edges of the driveway and sidewalk.  I haven't mulched it yet, and I'm planning to use leaf mulch from my maple trees this fall.  That way I can easily do my spring/fall maintenance of cutting plants back with a lawn mower.

These plants sat on the driveway much of the summer.

In the process of  compost spreading.

Compost spreading finished.  Ready to plant!

Plants are placed.  Time to plant... ?

Or not.  The rain had other ideas.

All planted.  For now.





So, what did I plant?  90 varieties.  Here's the list:
Abies concolor 'Compacta'
Abies koreana 'Freudenberg'
Agastache 'Black Adder'
Agastache rupestris
Agastache 'Tango'
Allium 'Millenium'
Allium 'Summer Beauty'
Amsonia elliptica
Amsonia elliptica 'Alba'
Andropogon gerardii 'Indian Warrior'
Asclepias exaltata
Asclepias incarnata
Asclepias tuberosa
Baptisia australis 'Big Ben'
Baptisia 'Dutch Chocolate'
Buddleia x davidii 'Bicolor'
Campanula 'Summertime Blues'
chamaecyparis 'Fernspray Gold'
Chelone Black Ace'
Clematis columbiana var. tenuiloba
Coreopsis 'Route 66'
Coreopsis 'Star Cluster'
Coreopsis 'Sunset Strip'
Dianthus 'Cardiac Arrest'
Echinacea 'Firebird'
Echinacea 'Showoff'
Echinacea 'Sunbird'
Eryngium planum 'Blue Hobbit'
Geranium macrorhizum 'Variegatum'
Ginkgo biloba 'Spring Grove'
Hemerocallis 'Fujita Scale'
Hemerocallis 'Golden Zebra'
Hemerocallis 'Johnny Cash'
Heuchera Dolce 'Licorice'
Heuchera richardsonii
Heuchera 'Stainless Steel'
Heuchera villosa 'Autumn Bride'
Hydrangea paniculata 'Bobo'
Indigofera kirilowii
Iris 'Purgatory'
Kniphoffia 'Mango Popsicle'
Kniphoffia 'Papaya Popsicle'
Lavandula 'Ellegance Purple'
Lespedeza 'Yakushima'
Liatris pychnostachya
Lonicera reticulata 'Kintzley's Ghost'
Metasequoia glyptostroboides 'Matthaei Broom'
Monarda 'Grand Marshall'
Nepeta 'Kit Kat'
Nepeta 'Little Trudy'
Oenothera 'Lemon Drop'
Paeonia x Itoh 'Bartzella'
Paeonia x Itoh 'Kopper Kettle'
Panicum virgatum 'Cheyenne Sky'
Panicum virgatum 'Northwind'
Penstemon 'Prairie Twilight'
Penstemon Riding Hood 'Blue'
Penstemon Riding Hood 'Delft Blue'
Penstemon Riding Hood 'Red'
Penstemon x mexicali 'Red Rocks'
Phlox glabberima 'Triple Play'
Pinus nigra 'Pierrick Bregeon'
Pinus parviflora 'Aoi'
Pulsatilla vulgaris 'Papageno'
Rosa 'Bullseye'
Rosa 'Lichfield Angel'
Rosa 'Watercolors'
Ruta graveolens
Salix melanostachys
Salix rosmarinafolius
Sedum 'Autumn Charm'
Sedum 'Autumn Delight'
Sedum 'Chocolate Drop'
Sedum kamtshaticum 'The Edge'
Sedum makinoi 'Ogon'
Sedum 'Mr. Goodbud'
Sedum 'Oracle'
Sedum sieboldii 'Variegatum'
Seseli gummiferum
Stachys 'Pink Cotton Candy'
Verbena bonariensis
Verbena 'Snow Flurry'
Vernonia 'Southern Cross'
Veronica incana 'Pure Silver'
Veronicastrum virginicum
Viburnum lantana 'Variegata'
Viburnum 'Spiced Bouquet'
Weigela florida 'Eyecatcher'
Weigela praecox 'April Snow'
Zauschneria garretii


Andropogon gerardii 'Red October'
Andropogon 'Indian Warrior'

Echinacea 'Sunbird'
Echinacea 'Firebird'

Rose 'Watercolors'
Rose 'Watercolors'

Vernonia 'Southern Cross'
Vernonia 'Southern Cross'

Part 2 will cover where I actually started with the yard, the north side of the house.  Part 3 will cover a different business-related project that caused some issues this year.

A Visit to Rotary Botanic Gardens

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Last Wednesday my friend and fellow plant geek Jess and I traveled to Rotary Botanic Gardens in Janesville, WI.  While she'd been there a number of times, this was my first time.  I was thoroughly impressed at how great the gardens looked, even this late in the season.  I'm not putting a lot of words into this one, just LOTS of images:



I was super excited to see Colocasia 'Black Coral' in person




Aster oblongifolius 'October Skies' looking great!

Bouteloua gracilis 'Blonde Ambition' has been on my wishlist for awhile.

Pinus strobus 'Mini Twists'

Phlox 'Betty Blake'

Taxodium ascendens 'Debonair'





Hosta 'Guardian Angel'

Dryopteris affinis 'Crispa Gracilis'



Acer pseudoplatanus 'Variegata'










'Lacinato' Kale






Lycoris - either radiata or sanguinea


Ammobium alatum 'Bikini'

Basil 'Pasta Perpetuo' hedge

Pennisetum 'Ginger Love' is now on the wishlist.

Chasmanthium latifolium 'River Mist'

An unknown variegated shrub.  Nope I couldn't ID it, but it's probably one of those easy things.

Another Acer pseudoplatanus 'Variegata'

Acer pseudosieboldianum

Acer pseudosieboldianum





Experimenting with pallet walls.  I don't like the Gaillardia, at least not by itself.  I may try this concept.

Gaillardia 'Punch Bowl' I think this one is an annual


Zinnias were covered with mildew, but the flowers were still beautiful.



Neat culvert planters.

Petunia Sophistica Blackberry

A number of Acer japonicum 'Green Cascade' were in the garden


Taxodium distichum

Zelkova serrata 'Variegata'

Pennisetum 'Cherry Sparkler'



Pepper 'Purple Flash'



Sambucus nigra 'Linearis'

Sambucus nigra 'Linearis'


Emilia japonica 'Irish Poet'


Heuchera 'Big Top Gold'



One of the COOLEST Amaranth plants ever echoed the following sculpture




After we were done at Rotary, we headed to Stoughton to do some shopping at The Flower Factory.  We ran into Brent Horvath of Intrinsic Perennial Gardens who was also doing some shopping and had a short chat.  No pictures, but a few things followed me home:
Achillea ageratifolia
Achillea x wilczeckii
Chelonopsis yagiharana
Clematis hexapetala 'Mongolian Stars'
Iris sauveolens
Liatris microcephala
Oxalis crassipes
Rabdosia longituba
Salvia pachyphylla

My Summer Project: Part 2

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This is actually where my summer project started: the north side of my house.  This is a difficult area to photograph, as it's very narrow and long.  Basically this garden is a foundation planting, I have only about 8' from my house to the end of my property.  While it does get some late western sun, it is very shady.  Which makes it about perfect since shade is my favorite place to garden!  

A lot of the plants in this garden I've had for a few years, but for various reasons they've been in pots since day 1.  Only a few hostas were moved from another garden or potted last year.  The Rhododendrons were sad looking work rescues planted last year and are recovering beautifully.  And the Polygonatum humile was the last remnant of the garden that was here up until last spring.  Despite how narrow this area is, it's long which has allowed a plant selection equally as diverse and numerous as my larger front sunny garden.  Lots of Hostas of course, but a diverse selection of others as well:

Aquilegia mix
Aralia cordata 'Sun King'
Aster macrophylla 'Alba'
Athyrium 'Ghost'
Atractylodes japonica
Atractylodes ovata
Chelonopsis yagiharana
Clematis virginiana
Eleuthrococcus sieboldianus 'Variegatus'
Enkianthus campanulatus
Fagus sylvatica 'Aurea Pendula'
Geranium maculataum
Geranium 'Perfect Storm'
Hosta 'Awakening Angel'
Hosta 'Blue Mouse Ears'
Hosta 'Bridal Falls'
Hosta 'Cutting Edge'
Hosta 'Dixie Cups'
Hosta 'Dragon's Eye'
Hosta 'Earth Angel'
Hosta 'El Nino'
Hosta 'Fallen Angel'
Hosta 'Foxfire Irish Moon'
Hosta 'Irish Luck'
Hosta 'Key West'
Hosta 'Lime Smoothie'
Hosta 'Paradise Tritone'
Hosta 'Potomac Pride' sport
Hosta 'Queen of the Seas'
Hosta 'Remember Me'
Hosta 'Ringtail'
Hosta 'Sea Gulf Stream'
Hosta 'Stir It Up'
Hosta ventricosa 'Aureomarginata'
Hydrangea anomala var. petiolaris 'Early Light'
Hydrangea arborescens 'Bella Anna'
Hydrangea arborescens 'Invincibelle Spirit'
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Forever Together'
Hydrangea macrophylla 'Wedding Ring'
Hydrangea quercifolia 'Little Honey'
Hydrangea serrata 'Tuff Stuff'
Kirengeshoma palmata 'Magic Touch'
Lamium orvala 'Alba'
Leucosceptrum japonicum 'Gold Angel'
Leucosceptrum japonicum 'Mountain Madness'
Leucosceptrum japonicum 'Silver Angel'
Lonicera 'Harlequin'
Lonicera villosa
Oxalis crassipes
Rhododendron 'Roseum Elegans'
Taxus baccatta 'Amersfoort'
Thalictrum 'Black Stockings'
Tiarella 'Oregon Trail'
Tiarella 'Spring Symphony'
Tricyrtis 'Golden Gleam'
Tricyrtis 'Golden Glory'

66 varieties of plants, 22 of which are Hosta varieties.  You'll notice some other repetitions in Genus names here too, This garden is home to some of my other "collections" of plants.  Hydrangea, Leucosceptrum, Lonicera, and Polygonatum are all top notch shade plants and I'll be adding more to the gardens.  With the exception of Hydrangea, all of those deserve more use.  Tiarella also deserves more popularity (at least around here) and I have room for more of those in this garden and will add more varieties in time.  

I do still have room for a few smaller plants in this garden, and definitely have room for some groundcovers.  Also, this garden will wrap around to the East side of the house next year which has more space and already has some shrubs in place.  That area would be planted as well, except it's full of potted plants that SHOULD be at the nursery location.  More on that in part 3.


Rhododendrons, hostas, and Miscellany
Aster divaricatus 'Eastern Star' - Every shade garden NEEDS this plant!


Geranium 'Perfect Storm'

Pulmonaria 'Pink Twilight'
Pulmonaria 'Pink Twilight' taken today - NO MILDEW!

Enkianthus campanulatus

Hydrangea anomala var petiolaris 'Early Light'

Hosta 'Gemstone'


Taxus 'Amersfoort'

Hosta 'Remember Me'

Hosta 'Dixie Cups'

Hosta 'El Nino'

Tricyrtis 'Golden Gleam'

Solidago flexicaulis 'Variegata'

Oxalis crassipes



Summer (and fall) project Part 3

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The last project I needed to finish for 2013 was far less fun, more stressful, and way more time consuming than the other two.  In May we had 70 mph + winds.  I pulled into the nursery to find this:




Where the plants are sitting in the first picture is where the hoop-house was.  The north end got picked up and moved about 20'.  In addition to the physical damage, May was very cold, wet, and windy this past spring; and we had two events in June to vend at.  While our plants didn't look as good as I'd hoped for those events, they looked better than I'd imagined.

Despite this being a royal PITA, we were lucky with a few things.  Neither the clear poly or the shade cloth ripped.  Also, despite how mangled the structure itself looks, there was very little damage.  The purlin sections (the pipe that runs the whole length of the house down the center) were only slightly warped, and only one hoop was bent and only enough to be an inconvenience when putting plastic on.

Step 1 to fix this catastrophe had to be finished that night (after an already 10 hour day at work, why am I involved in two nursery businesses?), removal of the poly and the shade cloth.  The pics were taken after most of the poly was removed.  I had to cut down a small tree that the house was resting on to do so.

Step 2 was moving all of the plants home where we could take better care of them and keep them out of frost.  This meant a few trips back and forth as well as a month of moving plants in and out of a three-season room.  There was little damage or loss of the plants themselves, but they did not grow as fast as they should have and therefore weren't as lush as they could have been.

Structure is up
Eventually (after our vending events and the busy summer were over) we needed to actually disassemble the structure, this is when I found out that there was little damage.  We also decided to move the house to a new location on the property and use ground-sleeves instead of regular ground anchors.  They allow more stability of the house and a lower likelihood of this happening again.  This meant drilling 42 3' deep holes in hard-packed clay.  The auger we rented could barely do it and it took 3 hours to do 12 holes.  We found that using old fashioned hand augers was far easier and faster.  So much for modern technology being better.

Another piece of the puzzle was uncooperative weather in the fall.  Once the house was up, we needed to cover it.  My days off to do so were mostly met with wind, rain, or both.  I finally got it covered much later than normal, in mid-November.  Everything is now put away for the winter and hopefully we don't have to deal with this again!

This project took up A LOT of time and meant very little propagation of new plants and pretty much no time for hybridizing.  This was also one of the reasons for my other 2 projects; it meant getting a lot more plants in the ground and out of pots.  Less for me to take care of and worry about and less to put away in fall.




Ready for winter. It snowed a few days later.

Cloth is on!

Next year (after our vending events!) we will be adding gravel, there just wasn't time this year.  The new location has easier access for us, more even ground with less mud, and is easier to mow around.









German Bearded Iris

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For those who may not be aware, I'm a big fan of Irises.  I've even dabbled in hybridizing a little, though nothing worth introducing.  (My most recent cross is Iris lutescens campelli x Iris 'Boo', blooms likely in 2015) German bearded Iris are super easy to grow and very drought tolerant, but don't seem too popular in gardens lately.  They are susceptible to iris borer, but it's a fairly easy pest to prevent.  The other big maintenance chore is division, which they need every 3-5 years to stay full and blooming well.

Since it's so bitter cold out lately, it's hard to think of spring.  Here's a pictorial journey of an iris garden from a few years ago.  Before you ask, I do NOT know any of the names as I didn't write them down.  A shame, I would love to have a few of these.  Enjoy!



















Hostas

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In 4 years of blogging I've mentioned Hostas, shown a couple of pictures of them, talked about snail and slug baits, and posted about our time at the AHS convention; but for some reason I've never specifically posted about them.  I'm unsure why that is, but it's high time I remedy that.  And yes, this will be a picture intensive post.

I grow over 300 varieties of Hosta, it's safe to say I have more Hosta varieties than any other variety of plant. Even though I have so many, I wouldn't call them my favorite plant.  I really don't call ANY plant my favorite, as that label is subject to my whims and moods of any particular day.  But Hostas are near the top of my list of favorites.

Not all Hostas are created equally.  There are 61 (give or take a few) species in the diverse Genus Hosta.  Some are found in wet areas, some in bone dry mountain crevices; some in woodlands, some in open grassland; some are found at high altitudes, and some are found near sea level.  Thanks to hybridization (most Hosta species are interfertile) most varieties we find today can be easily grown following some specific guidelines.

Contrary to popular belief, Hostas don't like heavy shade.  They prefer bright shade or high shade.  Many varieties like some direct morning sun.  Some (plantaginea, 'Royal Standards') will even take full sun if they are kept consistently moist.  Which brings us to moisture and soil.  Hostas like organic rich soil that is well drained and consistently moist.  Strong growing varieties will tolerate heavy clay, and well established plants are drought tolerant to a point.  But what most people put Hostas through is abuse!  Use lots of organic matter when you prepare your planting area, consider an annual application of slow release fertilizer, and water well during the summer.

Between intense hybridization and their propensity to mutate to many different colors, there are over 8,000 varieties of Hosta.  While there are quite a few similar varieties, and some are identical to others, 500 or so are distinct enough to not be confused with any other variety.  There is a huge diversity of colors: green, blue, gold, chartreuse, yellow; of course any of those colors may be combined with each other in variegation or with white margins, centers, or streaks.  Leaf shape can be long and narrow, arrow shaped, heart shaped, cupped, large or small.  The mound can be ground hugging and tiny (as small as a quarter!) to vase shaped or even upright and huge (4' x 8').  Flowers range from white to dark purple and some may even be fragrant.

And since words are never enough, here's some Hosta diversity:
'Amber Glass'

'Blue Haired Lady'

'Jewel of the Nile' and 'Earth Angel'

'Earth Angel' leaf.  This plant is still immature and the leaf will get bigger!

'Abba Dabba Do'

'American Sweetheart'

'Appetizer'

'Blue Arrow'

'Blue Wedgewood'

'Bridegroom' 
'Cascades'

'Dark Star'

'Dawn's Early Light' - incredibly bright in early spring


'Dawn's Early Light'
'Dawn's Early Light' - summer color including some bleached leaves from sun exposure

'Day's End'

'Deja Blu'

'El Nino'

'Elvis Lives'

'Fingerprint'

'Fire Island'

'Five O'clock Somewhere'

'Gemstone'

'Golden Meadows'

'His Honor'

'Ivory Necklace'

'Jade Cascade'

'Jade Cascade'

'June'

'Kabitan'

'Marilyn Monroe'

montana 'Aureomarginata'

'Moonlight Sonata'

'Nancy' in spring as it emerges is very bright

'Nancy' in summer is a little darker but still a good chartreuse

'Northern Sunray'

montana 'On Stage'

'One Man's Treasure'

'Percy'

'Pineapple Upsidedown Cake'

'Pineapple Upsidedown Cake'

'Savannah' has fragrant light lavender flowers

'Stained Glass' also has fragrant flowers.

'Striptease'

'Sunpower'

'Victory'

'Paintbrush'

'Patriot's Fire'


'Punky'

'Sandhill Crane'

Satisfaction'

'Spilt Milk' 
'Star Kissed'

'Star Kissed'

'Stingray'

'Sum and Substance' w/ Geranium macrorhizzum 'Variegatum' - It's a much bigger hosta now, this pic is 10 years old.

'Winter Lightning'
'Powder Blue' and 'Brother Stefan'
Hope you enjoyed the pictorial journey of the the genus Hosta.  Don't forget to check out the modest selection of varieties we sell by clicking here.

Jacob's Ladder - Polemonium 'Heaven Scent'

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Jacob's Ladder is a commonly sold but completely under-used plant.  This may sound somewhat oxymoronic but it's true.  I see it for sale at practically every nursery I visit (it's even a popular seller!), gardeners talk about it, there are articles galore regarding a myriad of species and varieties; but I rarely see it when I visit gardens. Why?

Part of the reason may be that people are enamored with the variegated variety 'Brise D'Anjou', which is a beautiful plant but a terrible performer.  It's probably the top-selling Polemonium on the market.  My record for getting it to survive in a garden is 3 years.  3 years of shrinking back while planted in a consistently moist organic-rich soil.  It works great for annual color in the garden or in pots, but don't plan on it being a long-lived part of your grand design.

There are certainly other varieties out there, most of them are better suited to life in the garden.  If you need a variegated variety, 'Touch of Class' or 'Stairway to Heaven' are better performers but they still need some extra attention in the soil and water department.

'Heaven Scent' in May - Look how dark that foliage is!

Of the many varieties of Jacob's Ladder I've grown, one stands out as a great plant.  It should (in my opinion) be the one selling like hot-cakes, talked about, written about, and present in every garden.  'Heaven Scent'.  This wonderful variety comes from Brent Horvath, supreme plant geek and benevolent overlord at Intrinsic Perennial Gardens.  Polemonium 'Heaven Scent'originated as a cross of the US native Polemonium reptans and the Japanese Polemonium yezoense and definitely combines the best of both parents.

Early June - Grape scented flowers smelling up the greenhouse
Reddish-purple foliage emerges in spring and forms a tidy mound of ferny leaves with oppositely arrange leaflets resembling a ladder; hence the common name of Jacob's ladder, referring to the biblical ladder to Heaven. In May bluish-purple flowers are formed on 18-24" stems and last into June.  These flowers are intensely fragrant and smell of grapes.  This is the plants mystery attribute; I've never noticed fragrance on P. yezoense and only a light fragrance at best on P. reptans.  As the flowers fade in June and the summer heats up, the foliage will start to turn green.
'Heaven Scent' with Carex pennsylvanica in May


Like most Jacob's ladders, 'Heaven Scent' prefers a rich soil that is consistently moist and partial shade.  It's a vigorous grower that flowers well from a young age.  I like to pair it with colorful broad-leaved plants like Hosta 'Fire Island'or 'Tiny Bubbles' and Heuchera 'Green Spice', 'Caramel' or 'Stainless Steel'.  It offers good form and textural contrast in summer and great color contrast in spring.  Another great pairing is with finer leaved plants like sedges or grasses.  Pennsylvania sedge (Carex pennsylvanica) or or Korean Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis 'Brachytricha') are excellent companions.

I'm going to say it one more time... everybody needs this plant in their gardens!  Go buy one!  I want to see (and smell!) this when I visit gardens.
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